# Data are preliminary when first released.
1 Seasonally adjusted data for quarterly GDP in chained (2015) dollars are available through SingStat Table Builder.
2 Seasonally adjusted quarterly current price GDP data are available through SingStat Table Builder.
3 Data are seasonally adjusted.
4 Data are at end of period.
5 Residents refer to Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents. Gross monthly income refers to income earned from employment. For employees, it refers to the gross monthly wages or salaries before deduction of employee CPF contributions and personal income tax. It comprises basic wages, overtime pay, commissions, tips and other allowances. For self-employed persons, gross monthly income refers to the average monthly profits from their business, trade or profession (i.e. total receipts less business expenses incurred) before deduction of income tax. Data are for all employed persons excluding full-time National Servicemen.
6 Seasonally adjusted series for monthly CPI are available through SingStat Table Builder.

1 Data represent a broader definition of Government revenues and receipts than what are permissible for Government spending as presented in each year's Budget Statement. This is because some revenues and receipts accrue to the Government's past reserves, which cannot be drawn on without the approval of the President.
2 General government finance includes budgetary and extra-budgetary accounts. Data refer to the Government's financial year, which begins on 1 April of the current year and ends on 31 March of the following year.  Figures may not add up due to rounding.
3 Does not reflect the fiscal position of the current term of government, as it takes into account land sales and capital receipts (which accrue primarily to past reserves) in addition to taxes and other revenues, as well as land-related expenditure.
4 Data reflects the net issuance of Government securities and lending minus repayments.
5 There are two key categories of domestic debt instruments.  The first category of domestic debt instruments are issued under the Government Securities (Debt Market and Investment) Act for non-spending purposes.  Borrowing proceeds raised under this Act are invested and cannot be spent.  The debt instruments under this Act are issued for specific purposes including:

- Publicly held domestic debt instruments comprising: (a) Singapore Government Securities (Market Development) and Treasury Bills, which are issued to develop Singapore's debt markets; (b) Cash Management Treasury Bills, which are issued on an ad-hoc basis as a contingency cash management tool to manage the Government's short-term cashflow mismatches; and (c) Singapore Savings Bonds, which are issued to provide individual investors with a long-term savings option.

- Non-publicly held domestic debt instruments comprising: (a) Special Singapore Government Securities, which are primarily issued to meet the investment needs of the Central Provident Fund; and (b) Reserves Management Government Securities, which are only issued to the MAS to facilitate existing practice of transferring Official Foreign Reserves above what MAS requires to the Government for longer-term investment. 

The second category of domestic debt instrument are issued under the Significant Infrastructure Government Loan Act for spending purposes. These comprise Singapore Government Securities (Infrastructure) and Green Singapore Government Securities (Infrastructure), which are publicly held.  Borrowing proceeds raised under this Act are used to finance spending on nationally significant infrastructure.  For Green Singapore Government Securities (Infrastructure), borrowing proceeds raised are used to finance nationally significant infrastructure that qualify as eligible green expenditures under the Singapore Green Bond Framework.

#  Data are preliminary when first released. 
1  Data have been revised from Jul 2021 following changes to the MAS Notice 610. 
2  Data prior to Jul 2021 on a comparable basis with the Jul 2021 data are not available. 
3  Data on daily interest rates and exchange rates are available on Reuters, Bloomberg, etc.  
4  Wed 10 Jan 2008, the Straits Times Index was revamped. The base date for this index is 9 Jan 2008. 

 

# Data are preliminary when first released
1 Official Foreign Reserves. 
2 Reserves Template.
3 Data include investment in ABF (see AsianBondsOnline.adb.org).  

#  Data are preliminary when first released. 
1  Assets held by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

#  Data are preliminary when first released. 
1  With the implementation of the recommendations of the 6th Edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Manual (BPM6), Singapore’s gross external debt is now reported on a BPM6 format. The accompanying revision in the treatment of Asian Currency Units (ACUs) as resident units (which previously were treated as non-resident units) means that the coverage of Singapore’s external assets and liabilities has been expanded to include those of the ACUs, resulting in increases in both Singapore’s external assets and liabilities. While the expansion of coverage has resulted in higher gross external debt (or liabilities), it has resulted also in higher external assets. Singapore remains a net creditor, as the resulting increase in external assets is more than the increase in liabilities. More information may be found in the Occasional Paper on “ Implementation of IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, Sixth Edition in Singapore’s Balance of Payments".
2  Refer to direct investment enterprise. 
3  Data are not released due to relatively insignificant value and/or in order to safeguard confidentiality of information provided by individual establishments.
4  Data on daily interest rates and exchange rates are available on Reuters, Bloomberg, etc.

1  Total population comprises Singapore residents and non-residents. The resident population comprises Singapore citizens and permanent residents.